ＴｈｉｓａｒｔｉｃｌｅｔｏｏｋＹｕｎｔａｉＭｏｕｎｔａｉｎＧｅｏ －Ｐａｒｋ Ｍｕｓｅｕｍａｓａｃａｓｅｔｏｉｎｖｅｓｔｉ ｇ ａｔｅａｎｄｅｖａｌｕａｔｅｔｈｅｉｎｔｅｒ ｐ ｒｅｔａｔｉｏｎｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｂ ｙｉｍｐ ｏｒｔａｎｃｅ －ｐ ｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅａｎａｌ ｙ ｓｉｓ（ ＩＰＡ） ．Ｉｎｔｅｒ ｐ ｒｅｔａｔｉｏｎｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｗｅｒｅｓｔｕｄｉｅｄ ｂ ｙ ｄｅｓｃｒｉ ｐ ｔｉｖｅｓｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃｓａｎｄＩＰＡ ｇ ｒｉｄｆｉ ｇ ｕｒｅａｎｄｔｈｅｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉ ｐ ｓｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｉｎｔｅｒ ｐ ｒｅｔａｔｉｏｎｅｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｏｕｒｉｓｔｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｗｅｒｅｅｘ ｐ ｌｏｒｅｄｔｈｒｏｕ ｇ ｈｃｏｒｒｅｌａ －ｔｉｏｎａｎａｌ ｙ ｓｉｓ．Ｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｓｈｏｗｅｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｒｅｗａｓａｒｅｍａｒｋａｂｌｅｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｈｅｉｍｐ ｏｒ －ｔａｎｃｅｒａｔｉｎ ｇ ｓｏｆｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｑ ｕａｌｉｔ ｙａｎｄｉｎｔｅｒ ｐ ｒｅｔａｔｉｏｎｂｏａｒｄｍａｉｎｔａｉｎｉｎ ｇｔｏ ｇ ｅｔｈｅｒｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｓａｔｉｓ －ｆａｃｔｉｏｎｅｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎ （ ｒｅｆｅｒｒｉｎ ｇｔｏｓｉｔｅｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎ，ｉｎｔｅｒ ｐ ｒｅｔａｔｉｏｎｂｏａｒｄｄｅｓｉ ｇ ｎａｎｄｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ） ａｎｄｔｏｕｒｉｓｔｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ（ ｉ．ｅ．ａ ｇ ｅａｎｄｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎｂａｃｋ ｇ ｒｏｕｎｄｅｔｃ． ） ．Ｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ， ｓｏｍｅｓｕ ｇｇ ｅｓｔｉｏｎｓｗｅｒｅｐ ｒｏ ｐ ｏｓｅｄｂ ｙｉｍｐ ｒｏｖｉｎ ｇｔｈｅｑ ｕａｌｉｔ ｙｏｆｓｅｒｖｉｃｅ，ｅｎｒｉｃｈｉｎ ｇｔｈｅｔ ｙｐ ｅｓｏｆｉｎｔｅｒ ｐ ｒｅｔａｔｉｏｎ，ｐ ｌａｎｎｉｎ ｇｅｘ ｐ ｌａｎａｔｉｏｎ ｂｏａｒｄｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｌｌ ｙ，ｄｅｓｉ ｇ ｎｉｎ ｇｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓａｎｄｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｉｎ ｇｆｅｅｄｂａｃｋｃｈａｎｎｅｌｅｔｃ． ， ｓｏａｓｔｏｐ ｒｏｖｉｄｅｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓｆｏｒｉｔｓｍａｎａ ｇ ｅ －ｍｅｎｔａｎｄｄｅｖｅｌｏ ｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｇ ｅｏ －ｐ ａｒｋｍｕｓｅｕｍｓ．

Ｂｙ　ｕｓｉｎｇ　ｖａｒｉｏｕｓ　ｃａｌｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎ　ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ　ａｂｏｕｔ　ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ　ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ，ｔｈｅ　ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓ　ｗｅｒｅ　ｑｕａｎｔｉｚｅｄ　ｉｎ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ　ａｎｄ　ｏｘｙｇｅｎ　ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ，ｗａｔｅｒ　ｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ，ｍｉｃｒｏ－ｃｌｉｍａｔｅ　ａｄｊｕｓｔｍｅｎｔ，ｈａｒｍｆｕｌ　ｓｕｂｓｔａｎｃｅ　ｒｅｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ａｉｒ　ａｎｄ　ｔｈｅ　ａｉｒ　ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ　ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｍｅｎｔ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｖａｓｔ　Ｓａｉｈａｎｂａ　ｆｏｒｅｓｔｒｙ　ａｒｅａ　ｏｆ　ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎｓ　ｍｕ，ｔｈｕｓ　ｄｉｓｐｌａｙｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ　ｒｏｌｅ　ｏｆｄｅａｌｉｎｇ　ｗｉｔｈ　ｇｌｏｂａｌ　ｃｌｉｍａｔｅ　ｃｈａｎｇｅｓ　ａｎｄ　ｉｍｐｒｏｖｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　ａｉｒ　ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ　ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｉｓ　ａｒｅａ．Ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ　ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ　ｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｓ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ａｒｅａ，ｔｈｅ　ｗｒｉｔｅｒ　ｇａｖｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　ａｎｄ　ｐｕｔ　ｆｏｒｗａｒｄ　ｓｏｍｅ　ｐｒｏｐｏｓａｌｓ．

In order to explore the biological characteristics of Spodoptera frugiperda in central and south of Hebei Province, the study collected the Spodoptera frugiperda eggs from the field and simulated the farmland ecological environment in central and south of Hebei Province under the indoor temperature of 24-27 ℃ and relative humidity of 50%-75%, which were raised in captivity. The morphological characteristics and living habits of Spodoptera frugiperda from egg to adult emergence and the corresponding duration were observed and recorded. It was preliminarily confirmed that under the same living environment, the larval growth and development progress were not orderly, and the survival rate was various at different ages, the survival rate at the first and second instars was 100%, the survival rate at sixth instar was 78.33%. The development of female moths was 1-2 days earlier than that of male moths, and it took about 32 days to complete a generation in central and southern Hebei Province. The research had strong regionality and clear pertinence, provided a theoretical basis for the monitoring, early warning and scientific control of the Spodoptera frugiperda in central and southern of Hebei Province.

Trunk sap flow measurement technology based on thermal technology was currently the most important method for estimating tree water consumption.A large number of studies had shown that there was a certain potential error between the measured value and the true value of transpiration during the measurement of individual tree level trunk sap flow.The study summarized the calculation errors that might be caused by wood anatomical structure, spatial heterogeneity characteristics, uncertainty of maximum temperature difference, natural temperature difference, thermal damage from the aspects of biology and physics.The method of TDP measurement error currently and its effect were described, and the selection of correction method measurement error formation mechanism and other research directions were prospected, which provided a reference for realizing the accurate calculation of forest water consumption.

Relocation for poverty alleviation was an important part of China's implementation of targeted poverty relief and poverty alleviation. At present, relocation of the poor in inhospitable areas in China had been transferred to a new stage with follow-up resettlement as the focus. In order to enhance the sustainability of poverty alleviation relocation in inhospitable areas, it was necessary to give a play to the role of government leading, overall planning of industrial development, employment resettlement, community governance and other aspects according to local conditions. Therefore, the study summarized its main methods of follow-up resettlement for poverty alleviation and relocation through field investigations and visited to the poverty alleviation and relocation communities in Fuzeyuan, Laiyuan County, emphasizing on the results obtained in standardizing community management, improving residents' employment, income and sense of integration through the community management, employment resettlement, and cultural construction. Furthermore, the countermeasures and suggestions of 'Party building leaded to women building' and esablished a systematic cultural training system should be put forward to the improvement aspects of the community of living environment, women's employment, cultural construction, income security, etc. In conclusion, the aim was to provide reference for the relocation and resettlement work around the country, and to provide case references for ensuring that the poverty population could move out, live stably, and become rich.

To understand the harm of Hyphantria cunea to the Xiongan New Area, the study selected 90 standard plots in the Xiongan New Area to investigate the host species and the extent of the damage caused by Hyphantria vulgaris, the standard survey method was mainly used to carry out random sampling through the combination of diagonal sampling and 'Z' shape sampling, found that pewter was the most serious damage. As a result of,we also systematically investigated the damage of 53 pewter standard sites in the Xiongan New Area, analyzed the damage degree and the cause of the occurrence, and conducted a risk assessment. The results showed that the Hyphantria cunea was generally harmful to the Fraxinus chinensis,and the more serious standard land was mainly affected by the surrounding tree species, its own diseases, and the location surrounding environment. Because the pest had phototaxis, the damage was more serious in the southwest. Its risk R value was 2.23, which was a highly dangerous forestry pest in this area. The investigation provided a basis for the effective prevention and control of the pest, provided a basis for the Xiongan New Area to formulate the pest detection and management countermeasures.

In order to explore the invasive patterns of dien plants and its relation ship with road ecosystem during highway construction.In the study, invasive pattern of alien species Eupatorium adenophorum in Pinus yunnanensis forest along roadsides in Mid-Yunnan was investigated and the effects on community properties and soil nutrients were also analyzed. The results showed that :(1) The E.adenophorum was mainly distributed within 5-20 m from the road, and there were significant effects of the distance from road on number of clusters, cluster area, height, and coverage of E.adenophorum.(2) With the invasion density increased, community-weighted mean(CWM) of P.yunnanensis showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, while the understory plant diversity and functional richness(FRic) displayed the significant decrease trend. In addition, the trend of first increasing and then decreasing was also found on the concentration of soil organic carbon(SOC) and total nitrogen(TN) along the gradient of invasion. The highest concentrations of SOC and TN were found under 40% coverage of E.adenophorum.(3) The results of path analysis showed that the comprehensive effect coefficient of understory community on SOC was the highest, which was-0.527. The coefficients of coverage of invasion and CWM of P.yunnanensis on soil TN were higher, which were-0.698 and 0.759, respectively. Moreover, coverage of invasion had the highest effect coefficient on soil total phosphorus, which was 0.681. The above results indicated that the spread of E.adenophorum caused by road construction could affect the process and function of the soil ecosystem through a variety of ways. Therefore, in the process of road construction in central Yunnan, control of invasion and improvement of community composition and structure under P.yunnanensis forest would play an important role in the health of road ecosystems.

In order to apply ISSR molecular marker to the study of Clematis genetic diversity, germplasm identification and genetic fingerprint construction, the L9(34) orthogonal experiment design was adopted, four main factors affecting the amplification reaction were optimized, including four factors, DNA template concentration, primer concentration, Master Mix and PCR cycle number, four main factors affecting the amplification reaction were optimized, the ISSR-PCR reaction system suitable for Clematis was obtained. The results showed that in the 25 μL reaction system, the optimal ratio of all factors was as followed: Template DNA dosage was 40 ng/25 μL, primer concentration was 6 μmol/L, Master Mix dosage was 14 μL/25 μL, and the number of cycles was 40. The genetic fingerprints of 17 Clematis were constructed by using the optimized ISSR system. Optimization of ISSR-PCR reaction system in Clematis would provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation of genetic diversity, genetic fingerprinting construction of Clematis and molecular marker assisted breeding.The construction of fingerprint could effectively distinguish and identify the 17 Clematis.

Ｔｈｅ　ｆｒｕｉｔ　ｃｏｌｏｒ　ｉｓ　ａｎ　ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ　ｉｎｄｅｘ　ｔｏ　ｄｅｃｉｄｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｍｅｒｃｈａｎｄｉｓｅ　ｖａｌｕｅ　ｏｆ　ｆｒｕｉｔ．ａｎｔｈｏｃｙａｎｉｎ　ｗｈｉｃｈ　ｉｓ　ｏｎｅ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｍｏｓｔ　ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ　ｐｉｇｍｅｎｔｓ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｒｕｉｔｓ．Ｔｈｅ　ｂｉｏｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ａｎｄａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ａｎｔｈｏｃｙａｎｉｎ　ａｒｅ　ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｅｄ　ｂｙ　ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｌ　ａｎｄ　ｅｘｔｅｒｎａｌ　ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ．Ｔｈｅ　ｒｅｃｅｎｔ　ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ　ｏｎ　ｆｒｕｉｔ　ａｎｔｈｏｃｙａｎｉｎ　ｂｉｏｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｉｓ　ｓｕｍｍａｒｉｚｅｄ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｉｓ　ａｒｔｉｃｌｅ．Ｔｈｅ　ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ　ｏｎ　ｔｈｅｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｏｆ　ａｎｔｈｏｃｙａｎｉｎ　ａｒｅ　ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｄ．Ｔｈｅ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ　ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｓ　ｔｏ　ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅ　ａｎｔｈｏｃｙａｎｉｎｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ　ｏｆ　ｆｒｕｉｔ　ａｒｅ　ｓｕｍｍａｒｉｚｅｄ．Ｗｅ　ａｌｓｏ　ｐｒｏｐｏｓｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｎｅｅｄ　ｔｏ　ｂｅ　ｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄ　ａｎｄｒｅｓｏｌｖｅｄ　ｉｎ　ｆｕｔｕｒｅ．

Forest was an ideal place for restoration,building a good forest environment was of great importance to the restoration of public health.Taking the larch forest in Saihanba Mechanized Forestry Farm as the research object,based on 40 survey plots,through the design of scale and the method of mathematical statistical analysis,the study evaluated the restorative effect and beauty degree of the forest landscape,and explored the relationship between the restorative effect,beauty degree and stand structure index.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the restorative effect between pure larch forest and mixed birch forest(P>0.05),but there were great differences in the restorative effect between different areas.The mean and standard deviation of the restorative effect were 7.126 and 25.123,respectively.There was a significant correlation between restorative effect and beauty(P<0.01).The restorative effect and beauty degree were significantly correlated with average tree height and density(P<0.01).It was significantly correlated with canopy density,lower wood height and DBH variation coefficient(P<0.05).

In order to investigate the fruiting situation of the natural distribution population of Bretschneidera sinensis, the distribution of young trees with different age grades and the environmental factors that affected the growth of young trees in different periods, the static life table of the population was prepared by using ramet, and the survival situation of the population in the community competition was analyzed by using environmental sieve. Seed regeneration was used to compile fertility table, and seed reproduction and reproductive ecology were used to analyze population growth force and main factors affecting population growth. The linear regression model of factor variables was used to analyze and screen the main factors affecting the population growth process. The results showed that the deficiency of seed safety island and the deep dormancy of seed for inhibiting sprout of seed, the first and second year seedlings had weak resistance to pests and diseases, which leaded to poor reproductive growth of the species and maked the population in a vulnerable state in natural competition. The model research of population dynamic increasing indicated that the effects of influencing population increasing put up the population age>crown density>soil humidity>vegetation density>population density>slop. The growth period of sapling was longer during the natural renewal and the individual over 30 years could not enter into the engender condition, the seed of engender mother-tree was of the abundant year and the deficient year, the interval period was between 3 to 4 years, which observably influenced the natural regeneration.

In order to understand the effects of different land use patterns on soil chemical properties in Bashang area, northwest of Hebei Province, the soil chemical properties of four land use patterns(enclosed forest land, enclosed deforested lands, unenclosed forest land and farmland) in this area were analyzed. The results showed that the pH of farmland was 7.5 to 8.5, which significantly higher than that of other three land use methods(6.5-7.5)(P<0.05). The farmland was significantly higher than the three forest lands in organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium(P<0.05). The nutrient contents in the surface soil(0-10 cm) of the two closed forests were significantly higher than those in the unenclosed forests(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the deep soil. Land use types had a significant impact on the vertical distribution of soil nutrients. The soil nutrients in farmland decreased firstly and then increased along the soil depth like the V-shaped, except for available phosphorus. The soil nutrients of the three forest lands decreased with the increase of soil depth like the L-shaped, and the inflection point was in 10-20 cm soil layer. From the above results, it was concluded that land use types influences the soil nutrient content and its spatial distribution significantly. The farmland was obviously higher than three kinds of forest lands in different soil nutrients content because of fertilization, but salinization was happened in farmland. The enclosure could obviously improve the nutrients content of surface soil of forest lands, and had little effect on deep soil.

The germination characteristics of Coreopsis bigelovii and Coreopsis basalis under different concentrations of NaCl and PEG-6000 simulated drought stress were studied.The results showed that the germination rate, germination potential and other index reduced to different degrees with the increase of solution concentration. When the PEG-6000 concentration was less than 15%, the germination rate of two kinds of Coreopsis was more than 80%. But when the concentration of PEG-6000 solution was 25%, the germination rates of the kinds of Coreopsis were 10.7% and 50%, which were significantly different from the control group. In NaCl solution treatment, the germination rate and germination potential of the control group were significantly higher than those of the other groups.When the concentration of NaCl solution was less than 6 g/L, the germination rates of both species were higher than 70%.When the NaCl solution was higher than 8 g/L, the indexes of the two species were significantly reduced, and the seedlings could not grow normally. In conclusion, two species of Coreopsis had good salt-alkali resistance and drought resistance, and had high development potential in landscape application of arid or salt-alkali land.

Ｉｎｔｈｉｓｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ， ｔｈｅｗａｔｅｒｆｒｏｎｔｐ ａｒｋｉｎＨｕｔｏｕｒｉｖｅｒｅｃｏｌｏ ｇ ｉｃａｌｒｅｃｒｅａｔｉｏｎａｌａｒｅａｏｆＳｈｉ ｊ ｉａｚｈｕａｎ ｇｃｉｔ ｙｗａｓｔａｋｅｎａｓｔｈｅｏｂ ｊ ｅｃｔ， ａｎｄｔｈｅｇ ｅｏ ｇ ｒａ ｐ ｈｉｃｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ， ｓｉｔｅｆｅａｔｕｒｅｓ， ｎａｔｕ －ｒ ａｌｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓ， ｓｕｒｒｏｕｎｄｉｎ ｇｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｎｄｏｔｈｅｒｂａｓｉｃｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｐ ａｒｋｗｅｒｅｃｏｌｌｅｃｔ －ｅ ｄａｎｄａｎａｌ ｙ ｚｅｄｆｏｒｔｈｅｌａｎｄｓｃａ ｐ ｅｄｅｓｉ ｇ ｎ．Ｃｏｍｂｉｎｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｏｖｅｒａｌｌｐ ｌａｎｎｉｎ ｇｏｆＨｕｔｕｏｒｉｖｅｒｒｅｓｏｒｔ， ｔａｋｉｎ ｇｔｈｅｅｃｏｌｏ ｇ ｉｃａｌｄｅｓｉ ｇ ｎｐ ｈｉｌｏｓｏ ｐ ｈ ｙａｓｔｈｅｇ ｕｉｄｉｎ ｇｉｄｅｏｌｏ ｇｙ， ｔｈｅｗａｔｅｒｆｒｏｎｔｐ ａｒｋｗａｓｄｅｓｉ ｇ ｎｅｄａｓａｎａｔｕｒａｌ －ｓ ｔ ｙ ｌｅｕｒｂａｎｗａｔｅｒｆｒｏｎｔｌａｎｄｓｃａ ｐ ｅｗｉｔｈ “ ｏｎｅｌｉｎｅ，ｏｎｅａｒｅａ，ｆｏｕｒｄｉｓｔｒｉｃｔｓ， ａｎｄｎｉｎｅｋｉｎ ｇｓｃｅｎｅｒｉｅｓ” ．Ｔｈｅｓｉｔｅｄｅｓｉ ｇ ｎｗａｓｉｎｈａｒｍｏｎ ｙｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｅｘｔｅｒｎａｌｅｎｖｉ －ｒ ｏｎｍｅｎｔａｎｄｂｅｓｅ ｐ ａｒａｔｅｄｉｎｔｏｆｏｕｒａｒｅａｓ： ｆｌｏｗｅｒｓｖｉｅｗｉｎ ｇａｒｅａ，ｑ ｕｉｅｔｒｅｃｒｅａｔｉｏｎａｒｅａ，ｅｃｏ －ｌ ｏ ｇ ｉｃａｌｗｅｔｌａｎｄａｒｅａ， ａｎｄｓ ｐ ｏｒｔｓａｒｅａ．Ｎｉｎｅｋｉｎ ｇｄｅｓｉ ｇ ｎｓｗｅｒｅｃｒｅａｔｅｄｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒａ －ｔ ｉｏｎｏｆｓｉｔｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ， ａｎｄｔｏｍｅｅｔｔｈｅｅｘ ｐ ｅｃｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｌ ， ｅｃｏｌｏ ｇ ｉｃａｌ， ａｎｄｈ ｙ ｄｒｏ －ｐ ｈ ｉｌｉｃｆｅａｔｕｒｅｓ， ｆｏｒｍｉｎ ｇａｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓｌａｎｄｓｃａ ｐ ｅｌｉｎｅｃｏｍｂｉｎｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｓｔａｔｉｃ －ｄ ｙ ｎ ａｍｉｃｆｕｎｃ －ｔ ｉｏｎｓａｎｄｌａｎｄｓｃａ ｐ ｅ －ｅ ｃｏｌｏ ｇ ｉｃａｌｆｅａｔｕｒｅｓ．Ｔｈｅｐ ａｒｋｐ ｌａｎｔｃｕｌｔｉｖａｔｉｏｎｆｏｌｌｏｗｅｄｔｈｅｐ ｒｉｎｃｉ ｐ ｌｅｏｆ “ ａ ｄ ｊ ｕｓｔｉｎ ｇｍｅａｓｕｒｅｓｔｏｌｏｃａｌｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ， ａｎｄｍａｔｃｈｉｎ ｇｓ ｐ ｅｃｉｅｓｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｓｉｔｅ”ｂ ｙｕｓｉｎ ｇｎａｔｕｒａｌｆｏｒｍｓｏｆｐ ｌａｎｔｉｎ ｇ．ＴｈｅＳｈｉ ｊ ｉａｚｈｕａｎ ｇＨｕｔｕｏｅｃｏｌｏ ｇ ｉｃａｌｗａｔｅｒｆｒｏｎｔｐ ａｒｋｗｉｌｌｂｅｄｅｓｉ ｇ ｎｅｄａｓａｓｅｔｏｆｅｃｏｌｏ ｇ ｉｃａｌ， ｒｅｃｒｅａｔｉｏｎａｌ ， ａｎｄｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌ ｌａｎｄｓｃａ ｐ ｅ， ｉｍｐ ｒｏｖｉｎ ｇｔｈｅｒｅ ｇ ｉｏｎａｌｃｌｉｍａｔｅａｎｄｔｈｅｌｉｆｅｑ ｕａｌｉｔ ｙｏｆｒｅｓｉｄｅｎｔｓ．

Tending thinning was one of the important measures of forest management.Reasonable thinning could optimize stand structure,improve understory environment and forest productivity and stability.In the study,the tree growth,biological diversity and natural regeneration between thin and non-thin forests(natural reserves)was analyzed based on the Larix principis-rupprechtii and Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica plantation in Saihanba Mechanized Forestry Farm in Hebei Province.The results showed that of the mean increment of diameter at breast height (DBH) in thin forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii planation was 0.72 cm,which increased by 53.2% than non-thin forest.The DBH of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica plantation in intercropping area increased by 0.59 cm annually,25.5% higher than that in nonintercropping area.The Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson index、Pielou index and Margalef index in thin forest were averagely 159.2%,185.3%,185.9% and 108.4% greater than non-thin forest.The regeneration species and number of seedlings and young trees in thinning area were significantly higher than that in nonthin forest.Among them,the regeneration species,number of seedlings and young trees in Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica plantation were higher than that in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation.It could be seen that moderately thinning of the unmanaged plantation in the nature reserve played an important role in improving forest productivity,maintaining biodiversity and promoting positive forest succession.

A field litterbag experiment was conducted to study the changes of nutrients and bacterial community structure during decomposition of different mixed litters in the pure forests of Larix princips-rupprechtii (L) and mixed forests,including L and Betula platyphylla (LB),L and Quercus mongolica (LQ),as well as LBQ,in Saihanba area,Hebei Province,China.The results showed that the nutrient changes of different mixed litters had the same trend,N and P contents increased,C and K contents decreased,whereas pH decreased first and then increased during 720 days decomposition process.Contrast to N and P,nutrient release rate of C and K of leaf litter in mixed forests was significantly higher than that in L forests during decomposition process.The pH value of L litter was significantly lower than that of mixed litter.At the initial stage of leaf litter decomposition,the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidota and Acidobacteria.During the litter decomposition,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria decreased,while that of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria increased.There was a significant correlation between pH,N of litters on bacterial diversity indicators.During the decomposition of litter,the value of bacterial diversity indicators and richness increased.After decomposition for 600 days,the bacterial richness of L litters was lower than that of mixed litters.Accordingly,the leaf litter mixture of L.princips-rupprechtii,B. platyphylla and Q. mongolica leaves could improve some nutrient release rate and bacterial community diversity.

Thinning was the most effective and common forest regulation measure.Studying the effect of thinning on diameter growth and diameter distribution dynamics could provide technical basis for scientific management measures and accurate forest management.In the study,the pure plantations of Larix principis-rupprechti(young forests,middle-aged forests,near-maturity forests)were selected as the research objects in Saihanba,3 plots of thinning and 3 plots of control plots were set for each age group,with a total of 18 plots,based on the diameter data from the year of 2014 to 2018,single factor analysis of variance and three-parameter Weibull distribution were used to explore the diameter growth regular of different age groups after thinning.The results showed that:(1)Thinning promoted the diameter growth of L.principis-rupprechtii at different age groups,and the diameter growth increment in the second 2 years was significantly greater than that in the first 2 years (P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the control plots (P>0.05).The promotion effect of thinning on stand diameter growth increment was as followed:middle-aged forests>young forests>near-maturity forests.(2)The diameter distribution of thinning and control plots of different age groups conforms to the three-parameter Weibull distribution,and the fitting effect of middle-aged forests was the best.From the years of 2014 to 2018,the fitting parameter c of thinning sample plots tended to be 3.6,and the diameter distribution tended to be symmetrical,but there was little change for normal plots.(3)The diameter distribution curve of the second 2 years of thinning plot moved more to the right than that of the first 2 years,the diameter distribution of young stands tended to be symmetrical from the right,while that of the middle-aged forests and near-maturity forests tended to be symmetrical from the left.In conclusion,thinning could effectively promote the diameter growth of young forests,middle-aged forests,near-maturity forests of L. principisrupprechtii,and the growth of middle-aged forests was the strongest.

Ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏ ｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｅｃｏｎｏｍｙ， ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏ ｇｙ，ｗｈｅｎｐ ｅｏ ｐ ｌｅｅｎ ｊ ｏ ｙｔｈｅｒｉｃｈｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｔｈｅ ｙｐ ａ ｙｍｏｒｅａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｔｏｔｈｅｅｃｏｌｏ ｇ ｉｃａｌｌａｎｄｓｃａ ｐ ｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎ．Ａｔｐ ｒｅｓｅｎｔＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｗａｔｅｒｆｒｏｎｔｄｅｓｉ ｇ ｎｗｉｔｈｓｏｍｅｌｉｍｉｔａｔｉｏｎｓ， ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎ ｇｌａｎｄｓｃａ ｐ ｅｐ ｌａｎｎｉｎ ｇ， ｅｃｏ －ｌｏ ｇ ｉｃａｌｐ ｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ －ｓｈａ ｐ ｉｎ ｇ，ｗａｓｆｏｕｎｄｔｈｒｏｕ ｇ ｈｔｈｅｌｉｔｅｒａｔｕｒｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈａｎｄｆｉｅｌｄｓｕｒｖｅ ｙ．Ｔｈｉｓａｒｔｉｃｌｅｉｓｍａｉｎｌ ｙｔｏｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｔｈｅｍｅａｎｓａｎｄｒｅａｓｏｎａｂｌｅｄｅｓｉ ｇ ｎｃｏｕｎｔｅｒｍｅａｓｕｒｅｉｎｅｃｏｌｏ ｇ ｉｃａｌｃｉｔ ｙｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎ．Ｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｉｎｔｅ ｇ ｒａｌ，ａｒｔｉｓｔｉｃａｎｄｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｐ ｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ａｗａｔｅｒｆｒｏｎｔｓ ｐ ａｃｅｄｅｓｉ ｇ ｎｗｉｔｈｅｃｏｌｏ ｇ ｉｃａｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ，ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｉｔ ｙａｎｄｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｌｄｉｖｅｒｓｉｔ ｙｗａｓｐ ｒｏ －ｐ ｏｓｅｄ，ｐ ｒｏｖｉｄｉｎ ｇｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓｆｏｒｗａｔｅｒｆｒｏｎｔｄｅｓｉ ｇ ｎ．

In order to explore the effect of climate change on tree radial growth of Larix principis-rupprechtii natural forest,traditional dendrology methods was used to analyze the correlation between the ring-width index of L.principis-rupprechtii and meteorological elements both before and after rapid warming in Saihanba Forestry Farm.The results showed that the dramatic and abrupt warming happened around 1987 in Saihanba Forestry Farm.From 1950 to 1987,the radial growth responded significantly positively to the maximum temperature from May to July.While from 1987 to 2018,the tree ring index of L.principis-rupprechtii showed“divergent response”.Tree radial growth was significantly negatively correlated with the maximum temperature in May and June.After 1987,the negative correlation between tree radial growth and the maximum temperature in August and September was extremely significant.In 1987-2018,it showed positive correlation with the precipitation in July.After the abrupt warming,L.principis-rupprechtii was subjected to drought stress in both the early growing season and the growing season in Saihanba area.

In order to understand the tolerance of Wickerhamomyces anomalus of Populus tomentosa to heavy metal and organic pollutant, the W.anomalous were exposure to YPD with and without agar media and inorganic salt medium supplied with different concentrations of Cd, Cr, Bap and BDE-3 to analyze the tolerance characteristics of W.anomalus to the pollutants both in single and collaborative exposed conditions.The results showed that the W. anomalus had a certain tolerance to alone stress of 100 mg/L Cd, 10 mg/L Cr, 25 mg/L Bap, 30 mg/L BDE-3 and combined stress of 10 mg/L Cd+30 mg/L BDE-3, 10 mg/L Cd+25 mg/L Bap, 10 mg/L Cr+30 mg/L BDE-3,10 mg/L Cr+25 mg/L Bap.The results of the combined stress experiment under the condition of inorganic salt medium showed that the W.anomalus could maintain its growth by using BDE-3 and Bap as the only carbon source, the ability of using BDE-3 was better than that of using Bap.